Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of global precipitation at middle and low latitudes
Based on the monthly average global precipitation data from January 1982 to April 2022,this study discusses the spatial distribution and time series of mode one and mode two using the cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function(CSEOF)method;analyzes the spatial distribution,seasonal variation characteristics,and interannual variation characteristics of global marine precipitation at low and middle latitudes;and discusses the possible causes of these variations.Results show that the interannual variation of precipitation exhibits periodic characteristics,with the main areas experiencing variations being distributed in the tropical Pacific region;additionally,the spatial field of mode one demonstrates an east-west inverse phase distribution,which is stronger in winter than in summer.The seasonal variation of the spatial field of mode two is more complex than that of mode one,with the high-value positive and negative variability regions demonstrating an east-west inverse phase distribution in winter and negative variability regions dominating in summer with weaker intensity.ENSO has an important impact on the interannual variations of precipitation.The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of mode one are primarily affected by the ENSO phenomenon,while those of mode two are mainly affected by the El Niño Modoki phenomenon.The main precipitation variation characteristics are affected by the superposition of these two phenomena.
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