In order to solve the existing challenges of improving the assembly accuracy of hydraulic valve manifolds,this paper proposes an optimization method based on machine vision.The traditional assembly method has limited accuracy and is prone to large errors,but this method breaks through the accuracy limitation by optimizing the design of the image acquisition system and multi-point error detection.This includes real-time monitoring and error correction of the assembly process using high-resolution cameras and 3D point cloud technology,as well as automated and precise assembly through collaborative robotic motion control.In addition,error compensation and dynamic optimization algorithms are introduced to further improve the assembly accuracy.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional assembly method,the machine vision system controls the assembly error within 0.01mm,and the stability and accuracy are greatly improved.