Research on the Correlation between the Aerobic and Anaerobic Capabilities of China's Elite Cross-country Skiers and Competitive Performance in Sprint Race
Objective:To reveal the competitive performance of China's elite cross-country skiers in sprint race and explore the correlation between their aerobic and anaerobic abilities.The insights and findings obtained from this research are served as a crucial guide for training and competition.Methods:A total of twenty-one male athletes from the national cross-country skiing team participated in this study.The aerobic and anaerobic capacities were assessed,along with race performance in the 1.5 km sprint competition.Athletes'times,speeds,and skating techni-que are concurrently measured using GNSS systems and timing equipment in sprint race.The canonical correlati-on analysis were conducted to evaluate the correlation between the aerobic and anaerobic ability tests and the per formance indicators for the sprint race respectively.Results:1)The indicators of the oxygen uptake at lactate threshold,gross efficiency,and maximal oxygen uptake in the aerobic capacity test,as well as maximal upper body power,average power,and maximal lower body power in the anaerobic capacity test,showed a significant correlation with the performance index of the sprint race(p＜0.05).2)Performance indicators of the sprint race,such as race time,the distribution of G3,time spent on the uphill and flat terrain,as well as maximum speed with G3,demonstra-ted a high correlation with the indicators derived from both aerobic and anaerobic capacity tests(p＜0.05).Conclu-sions:The competitive performance in cross-country skiing sprint race has a strong correlation with both aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity.Key indicators of aerobic capacity,including oxygen uptake at lactate threshold,maximal oxygen uptake,and gross efficiency,play a crucial role for competitive performance.Furthermore,higher levels of explosive upper body power were significantly associated with better competitive performance in the sprint events.It is suggested that focuses should be put on developing the aerobic capacity and upper body peak power of cross-country skiers to improve their sport performance.Future researches could focus on the direct impa-cts of dynamic changes in aerobic and anaerobic capacity on competitive performance throughout and in segments of sprint races through standardized experimental designs in both laboratory and snow conditions.
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