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上市公司出资人权益调整中的中小股东权益保护研究

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在上市公司重整程序中,出资人权益调整方案普遍因相关制度不完善而存在短板,难以在控股股东和中小股东间达成利益平衡.具体表现为股份受让价格过低且产生机制不透明,缺乏针对中小股东的明确披露;控股股东违规行为的认定范围过窄,缺乏针对控股股东过错的差异化调整;出资人组会议表决缺乏回避表决机制的设计,中小股东易被控股股东以资本多数决裹挟等.对此,有必要在借鉴域外制度的基础上,结合我国上市公司重整的现实需求,对出资人权益调整方案进行制度优化设计,维护出资人群体内部的利益衡平.应制定明确的定价机制和披露机制,扩大对控股股东违规行为的认定,设置强制差异化调整机制,并进一步扩充回避表决的适用范围.
A Study on the Protection of Minority Shareholders'Rights in Shareholder Equity Adjustments of Listed Companies
In the process of the reorganization of listed companies,the shareholder rights adjustment program generally lacks a relevant system design,resulting in clear shortcomings and difficulty in achieving a balance of interests between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders.In the equity adjustment plan,the stock transfer price is too low,and the mechanism behind it is not transparent,with no clear disclosure to minority shareholders.Moreover,the scope of illegal conduct by controlling shareholders is too narrow,and there is no differentiated treatment for their wrongdoings.Additionally,the investor group meeting voting mechanism lacks a provision for abstaining from voting,allowing controlling shareholders to coerce minority shareholders through the majority capital rule.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the shareholder rights adjustment scheme based on the practices of foreign jurisdictions and the actual needs of listed companies in China.This will help main-tain the balance of interests within the investor community.A clear pricing mechanism and disclosure mecha-nism should be established,the scope of illegal conduct by controlling shareholders should be expanded,dif-ferentiated treatment should be implemented,and the circumstances for abstaining from voting should be clari-fied and expanded.

Reorganization of Listed CompaniesShareholders'Rights AdjustmentControlling ShareholdersProtection of Minority Shareholder InterestsDifferentiated Treatment

王兰、林泉君

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厦门大学法学院,福建厦门 361005

上市公司重整 出资人权益调整 控股股东 中小股东权益保护 差异化调整

2025

山东行政学院学报
山东省经济管理干部学院

山东行政学院学报

影响因子:0.256
ISSN:1008-3154
年,卷(期):2025.(1)