Treatment options and management strategies for patients with acute laryngotracheobronchitis
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哮吼又称喉气管炎,是一种呼吸系统疾病,以吸气时喘鸣、类似犬吠的咳嗽和声音嘶哑为特征,属喉及声门下气道炎症,多发于6个月至3岁儿童.主要由副流感病毒引起,在病毒感染相关儿童患者群体中越来越多见.虽然哮吼绝大多数为轻度自限性疾病,但中重度或症状快速进展的患儿可能发生严重的上呼吸道梗阻和呼吸窘迫,因此必须及时全面评估,识别哮吼患儿症状的严重程度,及时治疗.论文提供了针对哮吼的治疗和管理的研究进展和up to date临床循证要点内容.药物治疗以减少气道水肿为主,而支持性治疗则以提供呼吸支持和维持水电解质平衡为主.其中糖皮质类固醇和雾化肾上腺素是治疗的基石.以期为国内儿童和成人急性喉支气管炎治疗提供参考.
Croup,also known as laryngotracheitis,is a respiratory illness characterized by inspiratory stridor,barking cough,and hoarseness.It typically occurs in children between the ages of six months and three years,and is chiefly caused by the parainfluenza virus.Most children with croup present with a mild self-limited illness that can be managed as outpatients.The clinician must be able to determine which patients can be managed at home,which require evaluation and treatment in the hospital setting.There is currently no established definitive antiviral for croup.Pharmacologic therapy aims to reduce airway edema,and supportive care focuses on providing respiratory support and maintaining adequate hydration.The mainstays of treatment are glucocorticoids and nebulized epinephrine.The approach to the management of croup will be discussed in this report.The clinical features,evaluation,and diagnosis of croup are discussed separately.
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