A study on the differences of cognitive functions between individuals dominated by Wood Element and Metal Element among the Five Elements people
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目的 基于现代心理学认知测查范式探讨中医五行人中木行人与金行人的认知功能及加工过程差异,为丰富中医五行人理论及中医心理学内涵提供基础.方法 根据前期制订的《中医五行(形)人面部表型分类量化规范》,招募典型的木行人与金行人,采用重复性成套神经心理状态测验(Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,RBANS)、自上而下和自下而上线索化范式测评其认知功能及注意加工差异.采用独立样本t检验和秩和检验对两组受试者的认知功能进行差异性分析.结果 共纳入受试者木行人32 例、金行人40 例.在RBANS中,与木行人相比,金行人视觉广度及其子任务线条定位得分更高(P<0.05);在自下而上线索化范式中,与金行人相比,木行人短时反应时差值更高,与木行人相比,金行人长时反应时差值更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 中医五行人中木行人更依赖自下而上的认知加工方式,金行人更擅长处理视空间信息,更节约认知加工资源.
Objective To provide a basis for enriching the theory of the Five Elements and the psychological connotation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)by means of investigating the differences in the cognitive functions and processing processes between individuals dominated by the Wood Element and those dominated by the Metal Element according to the Five Elements theory in the TCM.Methods According to the previous devised Quantitative Standard for Facial Phenotype Classification of TCM Five Elements People,typical individuals with a dominant Wood or Metal Element were recruited.The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)cognitive function assessment tool,as well as the Top-down and Bottom-up cue target task paradigm were employed to evaluate their cognitive functions and attentional processing differences.Independent sample t-tests and rank sum tests were applied to analyze the differences in cognitive functions between the two groups of participants.Results This research included 32 participants with a dominant Wood Element and 40 participants with a dominant Metal Element.In RBANS cognitive function assessment tool,compared to the Wood Element group,the Metal Element group exhibited significantly higher scores in the visuospatial dimension and its subtask line orientation(P<0.05).In the bottom-up cue target task paradigm,the Wood Element group displayed a statistically higher short reaction time difference.In contrast,the Metal Element group demonstrated a significant higher long reaction time difference(P<0.05).Conclusion In the theory of TCM Five Elements,the Wood Element group relied more on bottom-up cognitive processing,while the Metal Element group performed better in processing visuo-spatial information and conserving cognitive processing resources.
traditional Chinese medicine Five Element peoplecognitive functionTop-downBottom-up
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