Therapeutic effects of aconitum carmichaelii decoction on a rat model of knee osteoarthritis
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of aconitum carmichaelii decoction based on the nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)pathway on a rat model of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods KOA rat model was established by injecting papain solution into the knee joint;the rats after modeling were randomly grouped into KOA group,aconitum carmichaelii decoction group(4.2 g/kg aconitum carmichaelii decoc-tion),inhibitor group(30 mg/kg ML385),aconitum carmichaelii decoction+inhibitor group(4.2 g/kg aconitum car-michaelii decoction+30 mg/kg ML385),with 10 rats in each group,and another 10 rats were injected intracavitally with physiological saline as the control group.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of cartilage in cartilage and to score the damage;serum indicators of inflammatory factor[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)/interleukin-1 β(IL-1β)]and oxidative stress[malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)]were measured by ELISA;Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group,the cartilage surface of KOA group was rough and uneven,disordered cell arrangement,and disappearance of lamellar structure,increased content of IL-1β,TNF-α and MDA,and decreased expressions of SOD,Nrf2,and HO-1 mRNA and protein(P＜0.05);compared with the KOA group,the pathological damage of aconitum carmichaelii decoction group was relieved,with decreased contents of IL-1 β,TNF-α,and MDA,and increased expressions of SOD,Nrf2,and HO-1 mRNA and protein(P＜0.05);however,the pathological damage in the inhibitor group was further aggravated,with increased content of IL-1β,TNF-α,and MDA,and decreased expressions of SOD,Nrf2,and HO-1 mRNA and protein(P＜0.05);compared with the aconitum carmichaelii decoc-tion group,aconitum carmichaelii decoction+inhibitor group had more serious pathological damage,with increased con-tent of IL-1β,TNF-α,and MDA,and decreased expressions of SOD,Nrf2,and HO-1 mRNA and protein(P＜0.05);compared with the inhibitor group,the pathological damage in the aconitum carmichaelii decoction+inhibitor group was slightly improved,with decreased content of IL-1β,TNF-α,and MDA,and increased expressions of SOD,Nrf2,and HO-1 mRNA and protein(P＜0.05).Conclusion Aconitum carmichaelii decoction can treat KOA rats by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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