山东省主动健康示范区域老年人慢病管理知信行现状及影响机制
Current situation and influencing mechanism of knowledge,attitude and practice about chronic disease management among elderly people in Shandong Province's proactive health demonstration area
郭艳童 1于媛媛 1陈莹莹 1付雨 1张伯韬 1袁莹 1孙爽爽 1赵英淇 1朱高培 1薛付忠1
作者信息
- 1. 山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院生物统计学系,山东济南 250012;国家健康医疗大数据研究院,山东济南 250003
- 折叠
摘要
目的 探索山东省主动健康示范区域老年人慢病管理知信行水平及其影响机制.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法,共抽取5 447名65岁以上的老年人进行问卷调查,采用t检验和单因素方差分析比较慢病管理知信行得分情况,并用多元线性回归模型分析其影响因素,以中介分析探讨其影响机制.结果 山东省主动健康示范区域老年人慢病管理知识平均得分为7.47±2.83;态度平均得分为8.47±2.47;行为平均得分为4.94±1.79.回归分析表明,性别、年龄、居住方式、自评健康状况是知识的影响因素;年龄和居住方式影响态度,而性别和年龄是行为的影响因素.中介分析显示,慢病管理知识对态度(β=0.670 1,P＜0.001)、行为意愿(β=0.046 8,P＜0.01)和行为(β=0.305 6,P＜0.001)均具有预测作用,态度对行为意愿(β=0.169 8,P＜0.001)和行为(β=0.216 1,P＜0.001)具有预测作用,行为意愿正向预测行为(β=0.029 1,P＜0.05).知识对行为的直接效应值为0.193 9,占总效应的56.46％,间接效应值为0.149 5,占总效应的43.54％.结论 山东省主动健康示范区域老年人慢病管理知识和态度水平均较高,但行为转化水平有待进一步提高;慢病管理态度、行为意愿在知识和行为之间起中介作用,且态度还可以通过提升行为意愿来改善行为水平.
Abstract
Objective To explore the level of knowledge,attitude,and practice and its influential mechanism of chron-ic disease management among the elderly in the proactive health demonstration area of Shandong Province,China.Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling approach,a total of 5 447 elderly people aged ≥65 were selected for questionnaire survey.T-test and one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)were used to compare the scores of knowl-edge,attitude,and practice in chronic disease management.A multiple linear regression model was performed to ana-lyze the influencing factors,and mediation analysis was used to explore the influencing mechanism.Results In the proactive health demonstration area of Shandong Province,the average knowledge score was 7.47±2.83,the average at-titude score was 8.47±2.47,and the average practice score was 4.94±1.79.Regression analysis revealed that gender,age,living style,and self-assessed health status were the influencing factors of knowledge;age and living style were in-fluencing factors of attitude;gender and age were influencing factors of practice.The mediation analysis showed that knowledge had predictive effect on attitude(β=0.670 1,P＜0.001),behavioral intention(β=0.046 8,P＜0.01),and practice(β=0.305 6,P＜0.001).Attitude had predictive effect on behavioral intention(β=0.169 8,P＜0.001)and practice(β=0.216 1,P＜0.001),and behavioral intention positively predicts practice(β=0.029 1,P＜0.05).The di-rect effect value of knowledge on practice was 0.193 9,accounting for 56.46％of the total effect.The value of indirect effect was 0.149 5,accounting for 43.54％of the total effect.Conclusion The level of knowledge and attitude about chronic disease management among the elderly in the proactive health demonstration area of Shandong Province is rela-tively high,but the level of behavioral transformation needs to be further improved.Attitude and behavioral intention towards chronic disease management play a mediatory role between knowledge and practice,and attitude can also im-prove the level of practice by changing the behavioral intention.
关键词
老年人/慢病管理/知识/态度/行为意愿/行为Key words
Elderly people/Chronic disease management/Knowledge/Attitude/Behavioral intention/Practice引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(82330108)
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2003500)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2021SFGC0504)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据