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基于GIS和RS的太谷县土壤侵蚀动态变化分析

Dynamic Analysis of Soil Erosion in Taigu County Based on GIS and RS

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土壤侵蚀的发生使得土壤资源受到破坏,土壤肥力下降,生态环境恶化,洪涝灾害加剧,已严重威胁到人类的生活.以山西省太谷县为研究区,在ENVI,ArcGIS软件的支持下,以1990,2007,2015年的TM遥感影像为数据源,提取了影响土壤侵蚀强度的坡度因子、土地利用类型因子和植被覆盖度因子,对太谷县3个时期的土壤侵蚀强度进行了分级,并对近25a间太谷县的土壤侵蚀动态变化进行了分析.结果表明,研究区土壤侵蚀强度在25 a间主要呈现加重趋势,微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀呈先增加后减少的趋势,中度侵蚀呈现逐年增加趋势,强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀和剧烈侵蚀呈现先减少后增加的趋势.太谷县南部区域土壤侵蚀长期比较严重,需采取有效措施加以防治.
The occurrence of soil erosion causes the destruction of soil resources,the decline of soil fertility,the deterioration of ecological environment and the aggravation of flood and waterlogging,which have seriously threatened the life of human beings.In this paper,taking Taigu county of Shanxi province as the study area,based on the ENVI and ArcGIS,using remote sensing image data of 1990,2007,2015 TM,three soil erosion factors type of the land slope,vegetation cover and land use were extracted.Based on the classification standard of soil erosion intensity,the soil erosion intensity during of the three periods and the dynamic changes of soil erosion in Taigu county during the past 25 years were analyzed.The results showed that soil erosion intensity in the study area during the first 25 years showed a trend of increasing.Micro erosion and slight erosion showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The moderate erosion showed a trend of increasing year by year.The trend of strong erosion,extremely strong erosion and severe erosion first decreased and then increased.Based on the dynamic analysis of soil erosion in Taigu county during 25 years,it shows that the soil erosion in the south of the Taigu county is more serious in the long term,and it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent and control the soil erosion.

soil erosionslopevegetation coverageland use

王国芳

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山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801

土壤侵蚀 坡度 植被覆盖度 土地利用

山西农业大学科技创新基金

201322

2016

山西农业科学
山西省农业科学院

山西农业科学

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.777
ISSN:1002-2481
年,卷(期):2016.44(12)
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