不同播种方式和播深对宁夏引黄灌区滴灌春小麦生长及产量的影响
The Effect of Different Sowing Methods and Depths on the Growth and Grain Yield of Spring Wheat Under Drip Irrigation in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia
樊明 1沈强云 1魏亦勤 1马广福 2李红霞 1曾宝安 1张双喜1
作者信息
- 1. 宁夏农林科学院 农作物研究所,宁夏 银川 750002
- 2. 贺兰县农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏 贺兰 750200
- 折叠
摘要
为了提高宁夏引黄灌区春小麦干播湿出技术的播种质量和产量,以春小麦品种宁春58号为试验材料,通过研究干播湿出种植条件下条播播深3 cm(CK)、条播播深6 cm(TS)、匀播播深3 cm(YQ)、匀播播深6 cm(YS)4个处理的小麦生育期、茎秆特征、产量及产量构成因素等指标,以期探讨该地区小麦干播湿出种植技术的最佳播种方式.结果表明,春小麦出苗期匀播早于条播,但成熟期条播早于匀播,收获穗数匀播比条播平均增加38万穗/hm2;植株第2节间茎秆粗、茎秆强度表现为匀播高于条播,且匀播比条播平均穗粒数增加1粒,千粒质量增加0.6 g,产量增加341.25 kg/hm2.同一播种方式下,播深6 cm比3 cm出苗时间延迟,第2节间茎秆平均长度增加0.96 cm,收获穗数减少105万穗/hm2,每穗粒数减少4粒,产量减少1 664.25 kg/hm2.匀播播深3 cm处理的收获穗数、穗粒数和千粒质量为最高,其产量较其他处理高7.6%～19.8%.综上,在宁夏引黄灌区春小麦干播湿出技术的最佳播种方式为匀播播深3 cm.
Abstract
In order to improve the sowing quality and grain yield of spring wheat under dry sowing and wet emergence patterns in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia,a spring wheat variety Ningchun 58 was used as the experimental material in this study,the indexes such as wheat growth period,stem characteristics,grain yield,and yield components in four treatments including sowing depth 3 cm(control,CK),and 6 cm(TS)by stripe manner,and 3 cm(YQ)and 6 cm(YS)by uniform manner were investigated to explore the optimal sowing method for dry sowing and wet emergence planting technology of wheat in the region.The results showed that uniform sowing occurred earlier than strip sowing during the emergence period of spring wheat,but strip sowing occurred earlier than uniform sowing during the maturity period;and the number of harvested spikes in uniform sowing increased 38×104 spikes/ha compared to stripe sowing,the stem thickness and stem strength of the second internode in uniform sowing was higher than those in stripe sowing,and the average grain number per spike,one thousand grain weight,and grain yield in uniform sowing were increased by 1 grain,0.6 g,and 341.25 kg/ha,respectively,in comparison with stripe sowing.In the same sowing method,sowing depth 6 cm delayed emergence time,increased the average stem length of the second internode by 0.96 cm,and reduced the number of harvested spikes by 105×104 spikes/ha,grain number per spike by 4 grains,and yield by 1 664.25 kg/ha compared to sowing depth 3 cm.The treatment of the sowing depth 3 cm in uniform sowing resulted in the highest number of harvested spikes,grain number per spike,and one thousand grain weight,with a yield increase of 7.6%-19.8%compared to other treatments.In conclusion,the optimal sowing method for dry sowing and wet emergence technology of wheat in the Yellow River irrigation area was the sowing depth 3 cm in uniform sowing.
关键词
春小麦/干播湿出/条播/匀播/产量/宁夏引黄灌区Key words
spring wheat/dry sowing and wet emergence/stripe sowing/uniform sowing/yield/the yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据