The Evolution of Supranational Welfare Boundaries:The"Cans"and"Cants"of the EU Social Security Coordination System for Migrant Workers
The EU social security coordination system,operational for over 60 years,is widely acknowledged by the academic community for its advanced nature.However,upon reviewing the EU's specific institutional arrangements for pension,medical insurance,and family welfare,this paper reveals significant disparities in accessibility,portability,and exportability among these three schemes.Concurrently,welfare stratification exists within migrant workers,challenging the goals of"non-discrimination"and"equal treatment"advocated at the EU level.This paper employs welfare boundary theory to elucidate the root causes of the limitations in the social security coordination system.It argues that the multi-layered power structure and nested citizenship form the"layered"pattern of the EU's supranational welfare boundary.This pattern manifests in the limited power of supranational authority,the constrained penetration of the welfare boundary of the welfare state,and the multiple weakening of the complex institutional network.These factors ultimately result in the restricted coordination of the EU's social security for migrant labor,hindering the full realization of its supranational goals.
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