The Developmental Characteristics and Institutional Logic of China's Charitable Policy:An Analysis Based on Policy Documents from 1994 to 2023
The high-quality development of the philanthropic sector requires a well-structured policy framework.This article constructs an analytical framework from the perspective of policy tool theory and conducts a content analysis of 431 central-level policy documents issued between 1994 and 2023.The findings reveal that the government has employed a combination of environmental,supply-side,and demand-side policy tools to regulate,manage,and promote the growth of the philanthropic sector.Among these,environmental policy tools have consistently played a dominant role,while the number of supply-side tools has remained relatively stable.Demand-side tools have seen a slight increase during the period of innovative development,but their overall use has remained limited.The selection of policy tools reflects the government's institutional logic of"strong regulation and weak empowerment"in the development of philanthropy.However,overall,there has been a gradual shift towards reduced regulation and increased empowerment.The future development of philanthropy policy should place greater emphasis on the application of supply-side and demand-side tools to better respond to the sector's evolving needs.
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