摘要
骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)是儿童和青少年常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤,因其高复发率和高转移率的特点,在治疗上面临极大的挑战.传统的治疗手段,包括手术、放射治疗(放疗)和化学治疗(化疗),能在一定程度上缓解患者的症状,但如何提高患者的长期生存率仍然是亟待解决的难题.随着免疫治疗的不断发展,近年来对肿瘤免疫微环境的研究以及免疫治疗策略的应用均取得了突破性的进展,为骨肉瘤的治疗提供了新的视角.目前,免疫治疗的策略包括肿瘤疫苗、靶向细胞因子、免疫检查点抑制、过继细胞疗法以及联合治疗等.以上策略旨在增强机体免疫反应、克服免疫耐受和防止免疫逃逸,显著提升患者的免疫应答能力.该文系统介绍骨肉瘤的免疫微环境,深入分析免疫微环境的特征,详细阐述免疫治疗在骨肉瘤临床转化研究中的最新进展.深入理解骨肉瘤的免疫特性和相应的治疗方法,有助于为患者提供个性化治疗方案,从而提高其生存率和改善预后.
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents and children,characterized by a high recurrence rate and metastasis,making its treatment extremely challenging.Traditional treatment modalities,including surgery,radiation therapy,and chemotherapy,can alleviate symptoms to some extent,but improving long-term survival rates remains a pressing issue.With the continuous development of immunotherapy,breakthroughs have been made in the research of tumor immune microenvironment and the application of immunotherapy in recent years,providing new perspectives and strategies for osteosarcoma treatment.Currently,immunotherapy strategies include tumor vaccines,targeted cytokines,immune checkpoint inhibition,adoptive cell therapy,combination therapy,etc.,significantly enhancing patient immune responses from the aspects of boosting immunity,overcoming immune tolerance,and preventing immune evasion,thereby effectively improving the patients'survival rates and prognosis.This review aims to systematically introduce the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma and discuss the latest advances in immunotherapy in clinical translational research of osteosarcoma.By deeply understanding the immune characteristics of osteosarcoma and corresponding treatment methods,it is hopeful to provide more effective strategies for personalized treatment,contributing to the improvement of the patients' survival rates and prognosis.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32270749)
山东省泰山学者工程(青年专家计划)(tsqn202306197)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据