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乡村产业发展用地问题研判、政策创新与保障机制

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2023 年中央一号文件提出要编制乡村振兴用地政策指南回应乡村产业发展用地难题,此前,全国各地聚焦乡村产业用地,正在研究或已经出台保障文件.加大对乡村产业发展用地的保障支持已经成为社会共识.本文采用系统分析和面上评估相结合的研究方法,通过开展详实的基础调查和一手资料分析,发现实践中存在"规划难""审批难""指标难""供地难""实施难"等问题,特别是以往对土地要素保障偏重于城区,乡村地区尚未完全建立完整的土地制度和用地保障体系,乡村振兴战略的深入实施使得产业项目用地需求巨大,配套的公共服务和基础设施用地也难以保障,而产业用地的种类多样化、功能复合化和旅游专业化特征使得现行政策不匹配发展需求,部分用地无法明确指标来源,项目报批缺乏实操路径,供地渠道也受到限制.为此,笔者认为应从政策创新和保障机制构建两方面着手解决.政策创新方面:一是以明确重点项目报批审批政策响应重点关注诉求,二是以完善规划配套政策重点保障产业融合项目和文旅项目,三是以创新全链条贯通政策供给策应投资主体需求;保障机制构建方面:一是探索建立项目用地准入机制,二是探索建立差别化供应管理机制,三是探索多部门联动实施保障机制.
Research on land use for rural industrial development,policy innovation and guarantee mechanism
In 2023,the CPC Central Committee No.1 document proposed to prepare a policy guide for rural revitalization land to respond to the difficult problem of rural industrial development land,all over the country,focusing on rural industrial land,are studying or have issued protection documents before.It has become a social consensus to increase the security and support for rural industrial development land.Through detailed basic investigation and first-hand data analysis,this paper finds that there are problems such as"chaotic planning","difficult approval","difficult land acquisition"and"difficult land supply"in practice.In particular,in the past,land element security was focused on urban(town)areas,and land policy and land security system have not been completely established in rural areas.The in-depth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy has made the demand for industrial project huge,and the supporting infrastructure land is also difficult to guarantee.However,the variety of industrial land,the function of the complex and the characteristics of tourism specialization make the current policy does not match the development needs,the source of some land indicators cannot be clearly defined,the project approval lacks practical operation path,and the land supply channel is also limited.Therefore,the author thinks that we should start from two aspects:policy innovation and security mechanism construction:The first is to clarify the approval policy of key projects in response to concerns;The second is to improve the planning of supporting policies to protect industrial integration projects and cultural tourism projects;The third is to innovate the whole chain of policy supply to meet the needs of investment subjects.In terms of the construction of guarantee mechanism,first,explore the establishment of project land access mechanism;Second,explore the establishment of differentiated supply management mechanism;Third,we will explore a multi-departmental guarantee mechanism.

rural revitalizationindustrial landpolicy innovationsafeguard mechanism

甘晓辉、伍婷、邵虹、汪宇峰、邹秀清

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江西省国土空间调查规划研究院,江西·南昌 330013

江西省自然资源厅,江西·南昌 330013

上海电力大学经济与管理学院,上海 201306

乡村振兴 产业用地 政策创新 保障机制

国家社会科学基金一般项目江西省自然资源厅科技创新项目江西省地方标准制修订计划

19BGL214ZRKJ2 0232417DB36-2023-4-04

2024

上海国土资源
上海市地质调查研究院 上海市地质学会

上海国土资源

CHSSCD
影响因子:1.435
ISSN:2095-1329
年,卷(期):2024.45(1)
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