Using video-based traffic detector data,this paper evaluates the effectiveness of the free-flow electronic road toll system imple-mented in the Hong Kong Cross Harbour Tunnel in terms of driving speed,traffic flow,and queue length.Firstly,the context of implementing an electronic road toll system in Hong Kong is outlined,and the underwater tunnel was introduced.Next,the collection of data by video traffic detectors near underwater tunnels and the use of this data to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic road toll collection is explained.Finally,the limitations of the research and future research directions were discussed.