Construction and Analysis of Ecological Network in the Erhai Lake Basin
Intensifying urbanization activities have severely encroached the ecological land of the plateau lake basins.In this context,rational establishment of ecological networks in plateau lake basins will serve as scientific basis for biodiversity conservation and sustainable ecosystem management.Using the Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis Model(MSPA)and Minimum Resistance Model(MCR),this study analyzed the landscape patterns and changes in the Erhai Lake basin,established the ecological resistance base from multiple perspectives,and identified the ecological sources in the Erhai Lake basin.Base on the calculation of patch importance index and landscape connectivity index,the ecological corridors were extracted and the landscape ecological network of the Erhai Lake basin was constructed.The results showed that the distribution and sizes of the core areas in the Erhai Lake basin had undergone constant changes from 2000 to 2022.In 2022,the core area of the Erhai Lake basin accounted for 84.77％which was the highest among all landscape element types,and forest had the largest share,followed by water surface and grassland,while the plaques in the southern part of the Erhai Lake basin largely disappeared.By calculating the patch importance index,4 primary ecological sources,1 secondary ecological source and 5 general ecological sources were identified in the Erhai Lake basin.Moreover,15 important ecological corridors were extracted,and mainly distributed in the northwestern,eastern,and central parts of the Erhai Lake basin,and several potential ecological corridors were reconstructed.The comprehensive resistance values were lower in the northern areas but higher in the southern areas,and higher in the central areas yet lower in the peripheral areas.The spatial distribution of ecological corridors was uneven,and the structure was monotonous.The important ecological corridors of the Erhai Lake basin spread from the northern ecological sources to the south to maintain the landscape connectivity.The dynamic changes of landscape patterns in the Erhai Lake basin were closely associated with anthropogenic activities.The alteration and shift of ecological resistance were attributable to the large-scale tourism development and urban and rural construction.We proposed to strengthen the protection of important ecological corridors,core habitat plaques as well as surrounding ecological environment in the process of ecological construction planning,and increase important ecological sources,repair ecological fracture points,optimize landscape network connection,to enhance the ecological function of the Erhai Lake basin.
the Erhai Lake basinlandscape ecologyecological sourceMSPA modelMCR modelecological network
NETL
NSTL
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