A Review on Evolution and Ecological Effects of Tidal Creeks
Tidal creeks,as unique components of coastal landform,have gradually attracted attention for their abilities of hydrological connectivity,material transportation and biodiversity.They can maintain the salt-and-water balance of tidal flats,transport sediments between ocean and land,be a spreading channel for plant seeds of coastal wetland,and provide habitats for marine organisms,which benefit the stability of coastal ecosystems.After extreme climate events and human activities,unchangeable shape and increasing biodiversity of tidal creeks is a signal of the restoration of coastal ecosystem.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore their morphological changes and ecological impact.Based on several researches of dynamic changes and ecological effects of tidal creeks in recent years,this paper reviews the classification methods,morphological characteristics,influencing factors and ecological effects of them,and puts forward three directions that need to be followed in the future:Spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of tidal creeks in different coastal wetlands with different influencing factors;Simulation and prediction of coastal seed transportation in tidal creeks.The relationships between the morphology,hydrological connectivity and ecological effect of tidal creeks.
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