摘要
在湖南省郴州市宜章县莽山国家级自然保护区和桂东县上东村野生莼菜(Brasenia schreberi)原生境保护区,开展湘南高山湿地莼菜野外调查,并研究野生莼菜群落特征、群落多样性特征及其与水环境因子之间的关系,确定影响野生莼菜群落特征的关键水环境因子.研究结果表明,位于莽山博物馆、莽山浪畔湖、桂东上东村3个保护区的莼菜伴生种较少,主要为东方泽泻(Alisma orientale)、藨草(Scirpus triqueter)、睡莲(Nymphaea te-tragona)和宽叶泽薹草(Caldesia grandis);位于莽山自然博物馆人工栽培的莼菜群落多样性指数低于野生莼菜群落;水体中氮含量是影响莼菜性状和群落多样性水平的主要水环境因子;在莼菜引种与恢复过程中,要关注水体氮含量、水体温度和电导率.
Abstract
A field investigation of Brasenia schreberi in the high-altitude wetlands of southern Hunan was conducted in the Mangshan National Nature Reserve,Yizhang County,Chenzhou City,and the Wild Brasenia Habitat Protection Area of Shangdong Village,Guidong County.The study analyzed the characteristics of wild Brasenia communities,their diversity,and the relationship between community characteristics and water environmental factors,aiming to identify the key water environmental factors influencing the characteristics of wild Brasenia communities.The results indicated that the associated species in the three protection areas,Mangshan Museum,Langpan Lake in Mangshan,and Shangdong Village in Guidong were relatively few,with dominant species including Alisma orientale,Scirpus triqueter,Nymphaea tetragona,and Caldesia grandis.The diversity index of cultivated Brasenia communities in the Mangshan Museum was lower than that of wild Brasenia communities.Nitrogen content in the water was identified as the primary factor influencing the characteristics and community diversity level of Brasenia.During the introduction and restoration of Brasenia,attention should be paid to nitrogen content,water temperature,and conductivity.These findings provide insight into the adaptive mechanisms between Brasenia and its environment and offer a reference for the introduction,expansion,and habitat restoration of Brasenia.
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