首页|盐土改良对滨海退化湿地碱蓬恢复及土壤理化性质的影响

盐土改良对滨海退化湿地碱蓬恢复及土壤理化性质的影响

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为了探索盐土改良对滨海退化湿地碱蓬恢复及土壤改良的效应,通过设置深翻+施肥(Ⅰ,深翻 25 cm+0.125 kg/m2 用量增施有机肥)、深翻(Ⅱ,深翻 25 cm)、深翻+覆草(Ⅲ,深翻 25 cm+0.5 kg/m2 用量覆盖稻草)、深翻+碎屑(Ⅳ,深翻 25 cm+1 kg/m2 用量混施锯末)4种处理,研究了各处理对碱蓬(Suaede glauca)生长指标、土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性的影响,比较了不同处理对湿地土壤结构调节、土壤肥力改善及降低盐分的效果.研究结果表明,改良对碱蓬恢复有明显的促进作用,4种不同处理间碱蓬的单株生长指标无显著差异,但是各改良处理下单位面积株数和单位面积生物量显著大于对照(n=3,p<0.05).改良显著改善了0~10 cm深度土壤疏松度,容重明显减小,与对照相比土壤总孔隙度分别提高了 5.77%、8.32%、11.62%、9.88%,但是对>10~30 cm深度土壤物的理性质影响较小.在改良处理下,0~10 cm深度土壤有机碳、全氮、有效磷含量增大,以处理Ⅰ的增肥效应最显著,有机碳、全氮、有效磷含量比对照分别提高了 21.90%、23.15%、60.29%,土壤含盐量显著降低,但是各深度土壤有效钾含量变化都不显著.4种改良处理显著提高了 0~10 cm深度土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,土壤脲酶活性分别为对照的 1.40倍、1.05倍、1.72倍、1.43倍,碱性磷酸酶为对照的 1.13倍、1.04倍、1.09倍、1.06倍,>10~20 cm深度土壤也呈现类似的变化,但是>20~30 cm深度土壤两种酶活性变化不显著.相关分析结果表明,土壤碱性磷酸酶活性与总孔隙度、有机碳、全氮、有效磷含量显著正相关(n=3,p<0.05),与有效钾含量显著负相关(n=3,p<0.05);脲酶活性与总孔隙度、有机碳、全氮均呈显著正相关(n=3,p<0.05).两种酶活性与可溶性盐含量显著负相关(n=3,p<0.05).比较 4种改良方法,深翻+覆草处理(Ⅲ)可以明显改善滨海湿地土壤的孔隙状况,并可以明显提高土壤酶活性,对盐土的改良效果最显著.
The impact of saline soil amelioration on recovery of Suaeda glauca and soil physicochemical properties in degraded coastal wetlands
In order to investigate the effects of aligned soil improvement on the recovery of Suaeda glauca and the enhancement of soil quality,four treatments were set up in Yancheng,Jiangsu.Including(Ⅰ)ploughing+fertilization-ploughing 25 cm and fertilizing,application rate was 0.125 kg/m2,(Ⅱ)ploughing-only ploughing 25 cm,(Ⅲ)ploughing+covering-ploughing 25 cm and covering straw,the amount of the straw was 0.5 kg/m2,and(Ⅳ)ploughing+sawdust-ploughing 25 cm and improving with sawdust,the amount of the sawdust was 1 kg/m2.The study investigated the effects of various treatments on the growth index of Suaeda glauca,as well as the physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities.Additionally,a comparison was made regarding how these treatments influenced the regulation of wetland soil structure,enhancement of soil fertility,and reduction of salinity.The results showed that the treatments had a significant promoting effect on the recovery of Suaeda glauca.There was no significant difference in the single plant growth index of Suaeda glauca among the four different treatments,but the number of plants per unit area and the biomass per unit area were significantly higher than that under the control(n=3,p<0.05).The treatments significantly enhanced soil looseness and reduced bulk density(BD)at a depth of 0-10 cm.In comparison to the control group,the total porosity(TP)of the soil increased by 5.77%,8.32%,11.62%,and 9.88%,respectively;but had little effect on the soil physical properties at the depth of 10-30 cm.Under improvement treatments,the content of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN)and effective phosphorus(AP)of soil at the depth of 0-10 cm layer increased,with ploughing+fertilization treatment(I)demonstrating the most significant fertilizer effect.The organic carbon,total nitrogen and available phosphorus content increased by 21.90%,23.15%and 60.29%compared to the control group,while soil salinity was significantly reduced.However,the effective potassium content in the soil at all depths did not change significantly.Four improved treatments significantly increased soil urease(SUE)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities at a depth of 0-10 cm.Specifically,SUE activity was found to be 1.40 times,1.05 times,1.72 times and 1.43 times that of the control group,and ALP activity was recorded as being 1.13 times,1.04 times,1.09 times and 1.06 times that of the control group.Similar trends were observed in the soil at 10-20 cm depth,but the two enzyme activities at 20-30 cm depth did not show significant differences.Correlation analysis revealed that ALP activity had a significant positive correlation with TP,SOC,TN,and AP(n=3,p<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with potassium content(n=3,p<0.05).SUE activity was significantly positively correlated with TP,SOC and TN(n=3,p<0.05).Both enzyme activities showed a significant negative correlation with soluble salt content(n=3,p<0.05).Among the four improved methods tested,ploughing+covering treatment(III)significantly enhanced both pore conditions and enzyme activity within saline soils,with this improvement effect being particularly pronounced.

coastal wetlandssaline soil ameliorationtSuaeda glauca restorationsoil physicochemical propertiessoil enzyme activity

李冬林、张姣佼、邢玮、何冬梅

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江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏 南京 211153

江苏盐城滨海湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,江苏 盐城 224136

滨海湿地 盐土改良 碱蓬恢复 土壤理化性质 土壤酶活性

2025

湿地科学
中国科学院 东北地理与农业生态研究所

湿地科学

影响因子:1.52
ISSN:1672-5948
年,卷(期):2025.23(2)