The present paper,looking back at the history,in which China actively participated in several rounds of international anti-drug conferences and criticized foreign powers'extraterritoriality in China,reveals that,on the one hand,China's initiative advanced the international control of refined drugs and the evolution of international anti-drug system influenced China's anti-drug policy,and on the other hand,China was dis-contented with the international anti-drug system at the mercy of colonial powers such as the British em-pire.