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数据要素赋能新质生产力:内在机理、现实障碍与法治进路

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新质生产力注重以创新驱动发展,用科技创新塑造发展新动能,已然成为数字经济发展与社会进步的核心驱动力.数据要素与新质生产力具有深度耦合与相互塑造之关联,前者通过自身特性与其他生产要素融合,发挥出乘数效应,并作用于生产、流通、消费、分配环节,催生新质劳动资料、孕育新质劳动对象、培育新质劳动力,从而促进新质生产力形成.然而,当前数据要素面临着规则不完善、市场不成熟、监管不到位、安全不足够之现实障碍,难以充分发挥出其赋能效应.鉴此,亟需在法治框架下,健全数据要素确权、定价、交易规则,确保数据合法流通与利用;推进数据要素基础设施发展,构建全国性数据交易市场;革新传统市场规制法,加强数据要素市场监督建设;构建数据控制者义务体系,优化数据流通利用保障机制,以加快完善数据要素基础制度,赋能新质生产力发展.
Empowering New Qualitative Productivity with Data Elements:Intrinsic Mechanisms,Realistic Obstacles,and Legal Approaches
New quality productivity emphasizes innovation driven development,shaping new driving forces through technological innovation,and has become the core driving force for the development of the digital economy and social progress.There is a deep coupling and mutual shaping relationship between data elements and new productive forces.The former integrates with other production factors through its own characteristics,exerting a multiplier effect,and acting on the production,circulation,consumption,and distribution links,giving birth to new labor materials,nurturing new labor objects,and cultivating new labor forces,thereby promoting the formation of new productive forces.However,the current data elements face practical obstacles such as incomplete rules,immature markets,inadequate regulation,and insufficient security,making it difficult to fully leverage their empowering effects.In view of this,it is urgent to establish sound rules for data element ownership,pricing,and trading within the framework of the rule of law,ensure the legal circulation and utilization of data,promote the development of data element infrastructure and build a national data trading market,innovate traditional market regulation laws and strengthen market supervision of data elements,build a data controller obligation system,optimize the data circulation and utilization guarantee mechanism,to accelerate the improvement of the basic system of data elements,and empower the development of new quality productivity.

New Quality Productive ForcesData ElementsData Rights ConfirmationData GovernanceData Utilization

许中缘、郑煌杰

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中南大学法学院 410083

新质生产力 数据要素 数据确权 数据治理 数据利用

国家社会科学基金中南大学研究生科研创新项目&&

22VRC17510533202312591053320230720

2024

上海经济研究
上海社会科学院经济研究所

上海经济研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.035
ISSN:1005-1309
年,卷(期):2024.(5)
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