Opportunity Growth,Labor Mobility Constraints,and Inclusive Urban Employment——A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the Policy of Strictly Controlling the Population Size of Megacities
This paper focuses on occupational diversity index to measure the fairness of urban occupational opportunities,and empirically examines the impact of policies that inhibit labor mobility on urban occupational diversity and its possible mechanisms using the difference-in-differences method,based on the policy of strictly controlling the population size of megacities as a quasi-natural experiment.The results show that(1)labor mobility improves urban occupational diversity,while the implementation of policies to strictly control the population size of megacities significantly reduces urban occupational structure diversity.And further analysis confirms that the policy of curbing labor mobility will harm the well-being of workers,whose wage levels and opportunities for labor force participation will be negatively impacted.(2)Urban population agglomeration and the development of the digital economy are both conducive to increased occupational diversity in cities,promoting inclusiveness and employment equity in urban labor markets.(3)In different regions of China,there are differences in the impact of labor mobility on urban occupational structure.With the implementation of the policy of population size control in megacities,the positive impact of labor mobility on the development of diversity of urban occupational structure in cities in the central and western regions has been suppressed.Thus,the effective implementation of the employment priority strategy should give full play to the role of the digital economy as a driver of employment,guide the reasonable and orderly movement of labor factors,promote fairness in occupational opportunities,and thus achieve fuller and higher-quality employment.
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