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上市公司创设类别股自治空间的重构

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目前,上市公司创设类别股的自治空间并不完全合理.首先,对于会弱化公司资本的特殊分配权类别股缺乏限制;其次,完全禁止上市公司创设特殊表决权类别股和转让受限类别股的做法无法满足市场的实际需求.原则上,公司对于创设类别股具有自治权,但是,其自治权具有边界,包括应当符合公司的资本制度、不得使中小股东被迫稀释表决权以及不得剥夺中小股东退出公司的通道.基于这一思路,上市公司创设类别股的自治空间应当进行重新构建.第一,特殊分配权类别股应当受到财源限制;第二,除了特定事项,可以发行少数表决类别股;第三,上市公司可以向大股东和公司高管发行转让受限类别股,在设置确定的转让限制期限或者提供替代退出机制的情况下,也可以向小股东发行转让受限股.
The Reconstruction of Autonomy Space of Class Shares Created by Listed Companies
At present,the autonomous space for creating classified shares for listed companies is not entirely reasonable.Firstly,there is no restriction on special distribution rights classified shares that weaken the company's capital.Secondly,the complete ban on listed companies creating special voting rights classified shares and transfer-restricted classified shares cannot meet the actual needs of the market.In principle,companies have the autonomy to create classified shares,but their autonomy has boundaries,including compliance with the company's capital system,not forcing minority shareholders to dilute their voting rights,and not depriving minority shareholders of the exit channel.Based on this line of thought,the autonomous space for listed companies to create classified shares should be reconstructed as follows:firstly,special distribution rights classified shares should be subject to financial source restrictions;secondly,except for specific matters,minority voting classified shares can be issued;thirdly,listed companies can issue transfer-restricted classified shares to major shareholders and company executives,and transfer restrictions can be set for a determined period of time or an alternative exit mechanism can be provided for small shareholders.

Listed CompanyClass SharesLegal CapitalClass Shares of Different Voting SharesRestrictions on Transfer of Shares

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华东政法大学,上海 200042

上市公司 类别股 资本制度 差异化表决权 限制转让

2024

上海金融
上海市金融学会

上海金融

CSTPCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.912
ISSN:1006-1428
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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