儿童注意缺陷多动障碍夜间遗尿的风险因素研究
Risk Factors of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Khazaie H 1Eghbali F 1Amirian H 1Moradi MR 1Ghadami MR1
作者信息
- 1. Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- 折叠
摘要
背景:儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)的存在对其夜间遗尿(nocturnal enuresis,NE)的治疗不利;然而,较少有研究对ADHD患者的夜间遗尿的危险因素进行研究.目的:本研究旨在探讨儿童ADHD患者夜间遗尿的患病率及其危险因素.方法:研究对象为331名6-10岁的儿童,由儿少精神病学家根据DSM-IV-TR的诊断标准明确诊断ADHD.NE的诊断标准为年龄5岁以上,每周夜尿至少两次,持续3个月或更长时间,夜间不自主排尿,伴有或不伴有日间尿失禁,无任何神经系统症状和体征,无泌尿系统疾病.有关人口数据、围产期病史、既往病史的详细资料均从父母或医疗记录中收集的.结果:注意力缺陷亚型的ADHA患儿有77.5％伴发夜间遗尿症,而在多动/冲动亚型为31.7％、混合亚型为22.5％的(p＜0.001,t=42.71).在有遗尿症的患儿中,家族性尿失禁的发生率明显较高(26％比18％,p＜0.001,t=16.9),剖腹产率(47％对33％,p=0.019,t=5.84),新生儿败血症史(16％与7％,p=0.018,t=5.62),高于非NE患儿.此外,有NE的患者的出生体重低于非NE患者(2.93(0.65)和3.09(0.46),p=0.026,t=2.51).此外,父母低教育程度与NE的高发生率有关.结论:ADHD患儿的NE患病率较高.男性、父母低教育程度、新生儿败血症史、家族性尿失禁史、低出生体重和剖腹产都可能是ADHD患儿的NE患病的危险因素.大多数注意力缺陷亚型的患儿都伴发NE.
Abstract
Background:Presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a negative effect on the resolution of incontinence;however,there are few studies which investigated the risk factors of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in patients with ADHD.Aims:This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of NE and its risk factors in children with ADHD.Methods:331 children,aged 6 to 10 years,diagnosed as having ADHD were enrolled in this study.The diagnosis of ADHD was confirmed by an experienced child and adolescent psychiatrist according to DSM-IVTR.NE was defined as nighttime wetting with or without daytime incontinence,at least twice a week over a period of 3 months or longer in children 5 years old and older without anatomical abnormalities.Details on demographic data,perinatal history,medical history and developmental history were collected from parents or medical records.Results:Most of the ADHD patients with inattentional subtype (77.5％) had NE,compared to 31.7％ in the hyperactive/Impulsive subtype and 22.5％ in the combined subtype (p＜0.001,t=42.71).Among children with enuresis,there were significantly higher rates of history of familial enuresis (26％ vs.18 ％,p＜0.001,t=16.9),cesarean delivery (47％ vs.33％,p=0.019,t=5.84) and history of neonatal sepsis (16％ vs.7％,p=0.018,t=5.62) than non-NE children.Moreover,patients with NE had lower birth weight than non-NE patients (2.93(0.65) vs.3.09 (0.46),p=0.026,t=2.51).Also,low parental education was associated with increase in the rate of NE.Conclusion:Children with ADHD have a high prevalence of NE.Male sex,low education level of parents,history of neonatal sepsis,positive family history of NE,low birth weight and caesarian delivery may be risk factors for NE in ADHD children.Most ADHD patients with inattentional subtype had NE.
关键词
夜间遗尿/ADHD/危险因素Key words
nocturnal enuresis/ADHD/risk factors引用本文复制引用
出版年
2018
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据