摘要
"主动作业"作为综合性实践学习,是杜威课程教学思想的重要组成部分.主动作业是一种有目的的、持续不断的、具有一定程序的"活动",强调情景的社会性与学生的主动性.富有教育价值的主动作业具备三个特征:题材根源于人类根本的三种必需品——食物、保卫、社会调理;过程中给予学生选择、尝试、犯错与修正错误、独立思考的机会,关注学生对目标的整体领悟;评价上突出对活动内在价值的欣赏.主动作业蕴含的课程教学思想对当代课程教学改革具有重要的理论价值与实践价值.
Abstract
As a comprehensive practice learning,"active work"is an important part of Dewey's curriculum teaching thought.Active work is a kind of purposeful,continuous and procedural"activity",which emphasizes the sociality of the situation and the initiative of students.Active work with educational value has three characteristics:the theme is rooted in three basic necessities of human beings—food,protection and social adjustment;in the process,students are given the opportunity to choose,try,make mistakes and correct mistakes as well as thinking independently,and we should pay attention to students'overall understanding of the goal;the appreciation of the intrinsic value of the activity is highlighted in the evaluation.The curriculum teaching thought of Dewey's"active work"have important theoretical and practical value for contemporary curriculum teaching reform.
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