摘要
作为义务教育课程的一个基本原则和深化教学改革的一个重要方面,因材施教需要在教育教学实践中予以落实.为此,本文针对已有的实施因材施教的路径与策略存在系统性、综合性、操作性不强,教师难以应用于实践等问题,结合理论与实践,聚焦目标、内容、过程、结果和学习环境五个基本要素,综合思考育人目的、因材和施教三个方面,构建了实施因材施教的一种行动路径.同时,在实践基础上,提炼了制定共同与个性相结合的学习目标、多样化组织教学内容、弹性的教学组织方式、多元化的学习评价、开放的作业设计和智能化的学习空间设计六个因材施教的实施策略,以期为教师的实践提供启示和指引.
Abstract
As a basic principle of the compulsory education curriculum and an important aspect of deepening teaching reform,teaching students according to their aptitude needs to be implemented in education and teaching practice.Therefore,in response to the problems of systematic,comprehensive and operational about the approaches and strategies for teaching students according to their aptitude,which are difficult for teachers to apply in practice,an action path for teaching students according to their aptitude has been constructed.The path combines with theory and practice,focuses on the five basic elements of goals,content,process,results,learning environment,and comprehensively considers the three aspects of educational goals,materials and teaching.At the same time,based on practical experience,six implementation strategies for teaching students according to their aptitude are extracted,including setting common and personalized learning goals,organizing teaching content in various ways,flexible teaching organization methods,diversified learning assessments,open homework design,and intelligent learning space design.We expect that the paths and the strategies could provide inspiration and guidance for teachers in their practice.
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