Although Lu Xun was a litterateur,due to his background in science,technology,and medicine,as well as his reputation as a thinker,he paid more attention to scientific issues,especially in his youth.This article focuses on the content and themes of several of his early scientific articles,the introduction and dissemination of Darwin's theory of evolution,the understanding and interpretation of the nature and methods of science,the praise for the functions of science,and criticism of anti-science,as well as the counteraction and criticism of the misinterpretation and misuse of scientific facts and theories,in order to clarify his understanding and attitude toward science or the idea of science studies.