Rethinking the Criticism of Confucian"Xiangyuan"——Exploration from the Perspective of Immanuel Kant's"Moral Philosophy"
Through an in-depth analysis of the connotation and denotation of traditional Confucian"Xiangyuan"(乡愿),it can be found that Confucianism cannot judge the"reality"of"Xiangyuan"of the"others"from the outside,and in the perspective of Confucian family-centeredness,the various manifestations of the"Yuan"(愿)are often labeled as filial piety,but when expanded to the scope of"Xiang"(乡),they become the target of criticism.This reflects the moral philosophy of Confucianism.However,Immanuel Kant's moral philosophy is basically consistent with Confucianism on the issue of"Xiangyuan",that is,both oppose the hypocritical practice of"Xiangyuan",but there are differences in details.From Kant's view of"free will"and"categorical imperative",it can be found that his judgment of"Xiangyuan"is based on"self',and if"Xiangyuan"cannot be extended to the universal"Xiang",then it cannot and should not be practiced in the small scope of"family".In addition,Kant's moral philosophy has insight into the existence of"radical evil"and provides an ontological defense for the existence of"third kind""Xiangyuan",while Confucianism clearly lacks reflection on the self-evident issues of"original heart"(本心)and"original nature"(本性).Therefore,it is necessary for us to rethink the criticism of Confucian"Xiangyuan".
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