数字守门人理论:溯源、误读与构建
The Digital Gatekeeper Theory:Retrospect,Misunderstanding and Construction
李剑 1尹玉涵1
作者信息
- 1. 上海交通大学凯原法学院 上海 200240
- 折叠
摘要
在数字市场治理的讨论中,数字平台经常被称为数字守门人."数字守门人"概念主要涉及两种不同的守门人理论,一是讨论中介机构履行第三方监管义务的传统守门人理论,二是讨论超大型平台履行促进竞争义务的新型守门人理论.两种理论在概念逻辑、义务产生机制和义务设立方式上存在本质区别.将两种理论混为一谈,会产生提高第三方监管义务的设立标准、将反垄断义务转换为事前义务的问题.事实上,传统守门人理论已经为数字平台第三方监管义务的设立初步提供了可资借鉴的分析方式,而新型守门人理论则未能证成为超大型平台设立促竞争义务的正当性与可行性.因此,为了有效回应数字市场治理实际需要,构建逻辑自洽的数字守门人理论应聚焦于数字平台的第三方监管义务,在具体内涵阐释、义务标准构建上进一步完善传统守门人理论.
Abstract
In the discussion concerning the governance of digital market,digital platforms are often re-ferred to digital gatekeeper.This concept mainly involves two types of gatekeeper theories.One is the tradi-tional gatekeeper theory which discussed the intermediaries having the third-party enforcement duties,and an-other is the new gatekeeper theory which discusses pro-competitive duties of giant platforms.These two theo-ries have essential differences regarding to the logic of concept,the generation regime of duties and the setting mode of duties.Mixing them will raise the standard of setting the third-parties enforcement duties and trans-form the antitrust duties into ex-ante ones.In fact,the traditional gatekeeper theory has provided a preliminary analytical method which can be introduced to set giant platforms third-party enforcement duties,while the new gatekeeper theory has failed to prove the legitimacy and feasibility of setting giant platforms pro-competitive duties.Therefore,to respond to the practical need of governing digital market effectively,constructing logi-cally self-consistent digital gatekeeper theory should focus on the third-party enforcement duties of digital plat-forms,where traditional gatekeeper theory should be refined on the aspect of explaining specific connotation and establishing the standards of duties.
关键词
守门人/数字市场法/平台监管/义务标准Key words
Gatekeeper/Digital Market Act/Platform Regulation/The Criteria of Duties引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据