Consciousness Study as the Next Threshold of Artificial Intelligence from Gazzaniga's Theory of Consciousness
With the amazing advance in Artificial Intelligence(AI)in recent years,the question of whether AI is conscious and how to build a conscious AI has received increasing attention.To answer such questions,we need or must look to theories of consciousness for inspiration and answers.This paper reviews Gazzaniga's theo-ry of consciousness proposed in his book The Consciousness Instinct:Unraveling the Mystery of How the Brain Makes the Mind,grounding in the context of the problem of AI's consciousness.Through the window of the ab-normal brains,which serve as a valuable clue and guide to deduce the neural mechanisms of consciousness,this paper concludes Gazzaniga's two important assertions of such phenomenology:(1)Consciousness and ex-perienced contents are distinct and can be separated;(2)Consciousness is first and foremost a feeling.It is based on these two phenomenological observations that Gazzaniga proposed a modular-layered architecture a-bout the neural mechanism of consciousness,and a metaphor that illustrates the phenomenology of conscious-ness and the modular-layered architecture vividly,that is,the"boiling bubbles".Accordingly,building conscious AI systems requires to identify"consciousness"and"intelligence"in the underlying logic;other-wise,inanimate silicon-based machines will never be able to mimic our consciousness.
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