The Formation of the"Sea of Hatred":Tracing the Origins of Narrative Forms in Modern Tragic Novels
In the early development of tragic love novels,the titles of the works consistently exhibited a strong pref-erence for the image of the"Sea of Hatred",which was a result of the intentional creation and amplification in earlier xiaxie novels.The xiaxie novel is a mournful lament of the struggles faced by humble scholars after the Daoguang period.Through tragic narratives of renowned scholar'misfortunes,the fall of beautiful women,and the shared suffering of those in distant lands,the"Sea of Hatred"image permeates the text.This directly in-spired the artistic imagination of tragic love novels.While the tragic narratives in these novels are expressed through new forms,such as the clash between Chinese and Western civilizations and the love-hate relation-ships between families and nations,the intertwining of the flower soul and national soul in the narratives forms an implicit connection with the earlier xiaxie novels at the level of spiritual expression.Through the investiga-tion of story prototypes from xiaxie novels to tragic love novels,it becomes apparent that their tragic endings were often the result of deliberate rewriting.A deeper analysis of this phenomenon reveals that the consistent expression of grief in these narratives is,in fact,an external manifestation of the marginalization of the last generation of scholars and the resulting emotional suppression,confusion,and frustration,representing the collective elegy they composed for themselves during this transitional period.