From"Freedom Lighthouse"to"World Leader":Two World Wars and the Change of Americans'Cognition of International Role
From the late 18th century to the early 20th century,although American elites had the ideal of transforming the world with republicanism,they believed that the United States should focus on the domestic"republican experiment",influence the world with the power of example rather than external intervention,and play the role of"freedom beacon"rather than"freedom crusader".After the outbreak of World War I,Wilson tried to reshape Americans'international cognition,persuade people to give up isolationism and support the United States to play a leading role in the world after the war,but failed.By the end of World War Ⅱ,the ruling and opposition parties in the United States finally reached a consensus that the United States should not be sat-isfied with being a"beacon of freedom",but should also become a"world leader"after the war and assume the responsibility of leading the world to achieve peace and prosperity.The change of American elites'cognition of American international role is not only the result of the rapid growth of American strength and the great changes in the international environment,but also related to the lessons of the two world wars.In particular,the tragedy of World War Ⅱ made the American people realize that the security and prosperity of the United States are closely related to the outside world,and it is necessary for the United States to shape a world environment conducive to the United States by leading international affairs.Since then,the United States has embarked on the road of global interference and hegemonic protection,which has a far-reaching impact on the United States itself and the whole world.
freedom lighthouseworld leaderinternational roleWilsonTrumanlessons from World War Ⅱ
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