The two manuscripts of Tang Family Genealogy in Shanghai Library were first copied in the early Qianlong pe-riod,and then revised,supplemented,re-copied and replaced for more than a century,with complex and disorderly literature form.The textual layers of this genealogy were even richer,with its ancestral narratives and early lineages likely formed from the Song to the early Ming dynasties.Since the late Ming dynasty,this genealogy had been circulated,revised,and grafted among multiple Tang surname groups in the Songjiang and Jiashan areas in the form of manuscripts.Even after the Qianlong manuscript was formed,new branches continued to be added.Therefore,the production model of this genealogy was not the familiar one where it was compiled and continued under the auspices of a"clan organization",and the Tang surname groups behind the geneal-ogy did not even form a loosely organized"clan".This type of genealogy can be named as a"grafted genealogy"and deserves fur-ther attention and discussion in future academic research.
Tang Family Genealogymanuscriptgrafted genealogyclan studieshistory of Jiangnan