Medical Hub,Pharmaceutical Market,and Belief:The Medical Society in Wushan,Hangzhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties
During the Ming and Qing dynasties,through generations of inheritance and accumulation,centered around Wushan(吴山)in Hangzhou(杭州)and its surrounding neighborhoods,a medical society was formed.The medical society pri-marily consisted of doctors,pharmacists,and the public,encompassing multiple dimensions of such as medicine,diagnosis and treatment,pharmaceutical markets,and beliefs.In the urban space of Hangzhou,Wushan is located on the southeastern bank of West Lake and adjacent to Qinghefang(清河坊)Street,the commercial center of Hangzhou.It is an area characterized by dense population,bustling commerce,and a convergence of cultural societies.Particularly noteworthy is that Wushan stands as a hill within the city.There are many temples on the hill,and the Yaowang(药王,Medicine King)Temple stands on the top of the hill.It is not only a gathering place for medicine merchants to worship,but also a place for people to pray for good health.There was Lvshantang(侣山堂)in the hill,where Zhang Zhicong(张志聪),Gao Shishi(高世栻)and others practiced medicine and gave lectures.It is also said by later generations to be the main activity place of the Qiantang(钱塘)Medical School.On the side of Wushan hill,there are also famous doctors gathering together.At the foot of the hill and on Fang Street,many well-known medicine halls and pharmacies are opened here.The accumulation in time series and the gathering in block space reflect the close market and social connections between doctor,disease,and medicine,and build a medical society centered around Wushan.This medical society is not only a chain of medical industries with doctors and pharmaceutical sellers as the main body,but also an important part of Hangzhou's social system.It is rooted in and embedded in the historical process of Hangzhou and the living space of the people.It not only provides public medical services to local people,but also maintains the continued devel-opment of the medical community.The composition and functions of medical society in Wushan,Hangzhou during the Ming and Qing dynasties show that"medical society"not only has disciplinary and cognitive significance,but is also a concrete and visible historical reality within a certain time and space.
Ming and Qing dynastiesWushan,Hangzhoubeliefmedicine marketmedical hubregional social history
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