摘要
目的 探讨青少年非自杀性自伤(non-suidical self-injury,NSSI)的发生和发展机制,关注校园欺凌和攻击性行为与青少年NSSI之间的关联,以期为预防和干预这一问题提供理论依据和实践建议.方法 采用横断面研究设计,研究对象为15 987位中国辽宁、上海和江西三个省的初高中学生,代表了不同的社会、经济和文化背景.通过问卷调查法收集数据,并运用相关分析、回归分析和结构方程模型等统计方法进行分析,以揭示各变量间的关系及相互作用.结果 校园欺凌与NSSI呈正向关系(非标准化系数=0.420,标准化系数=0.247,Z=18.123,P＜0.001),欺凌程度越高,自伤风险也越高.攻击性行为与NSSI之间同样存在正向关系(非标准化系数=0.230,标准化系数=0.201,Z=14.301,P＜0.001),攻击性行为越强烈,自伤风险也越高.校园欺凌对攻击性行为的影响显著(非标准化系数=1.052,标准化系数=0.708,Z=75.223,P＜0.001),欺凌程度越高,攻击性行为也越严重.结构方程模型结果表明,模型在解释校园欺凌、攻击性行为与青少年NSSI关系方面具有较好的拟合效果.结论 研究发现,校园欺凌和攻击性行为对青少年NSSI具有显著影响,且青少年的欺凌和攻击性行为存在地区差异.预防和干预措施应综合学校、家庭和社会力量,加强师生间沟通,提高教师对问题行为的识别和干预能力,增进家长对青少年心理健康的关注,以降低青少年NSSI风险.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship of school bullying and aggressive behavior with nonsuicidal self-injury(NSSI)in adolescents.Methods A total of 15 987 middle and high school students from Liaoning,Shanghai,and Jiangxi provinces in China were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using correlation analysis,regression analysis,and structural equation modeling to reveal the relationships and interactions between variables.Results There was a positive relationship between school bullying and NSSI(unstandardized coefficient=0.420,standardized coefficient=0.247,Z=18.123,P＜0.001).Similarly,a positive relationship was found between aggressive behavior and NS SI(unstandardized coefficient=0.230,standardized coefficient=0.201,Z=14.301,P＜0.001).School bullying significantly influenced aggressive behavior(unstandardized coefficient=1.052,standardized coefficient=0.708,Z=75.223,P＜0.001).The structural equation modeling results showed that the model had a good fit in explaining the relationship of school bullying and aggressive behavior with NSSI in adolescents.Conclusion The study reveals that school bullying and aggressive behavior have a significant impact on nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescents,and regional differences may affect bullying and aggressive behavior in adolescents.
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD187)
上海市卫生健康委行业临床研究专项(202140039)
上海市浦东新区医学临床高原学科建设项目(PWYgy2018-10)
万方数据