首页|义务教育体育与健康课程中运动技能教学若干关键问题审思

义务教育体育与健康课程中运动技能教学若干关键问题审思

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运动技能是体育与健康课程中的主要教学内容,包括基本运动技能内容和专项运动技能内容.如何根据学生身心发展规律、运动技能形成规律和学生体育学习特点进行运动技能的教学设计和实施,对于学生更好地掌握和运用运动技能,发挥运动技能对培养核心素养、增进身心健康的作用具有重要意义.分析小学是否应采用自主运动选项教学和走班制形式、基本运动技能是否应在整个义务教育阶段进行专门教学、专项运动技能是否应按照年级划分等级 3 个理论和实践问题,认为,小学不应采用自主运动选项教学和走班制形式,基本运动技能在小学 1~2 年级进行专门教学更科学合理,按照年级划分专项运动技能等级不符合课程标准的精神和学生体育学习特点.正确认识和理解这 3 个问题,有助于提升体育与健康课程运动技能教学和评价的科学性和有效性,提高体育与健康教育教学质量,促进学生享受运动乐趣、掌握运动技能、实现健康发展.
Reflection on Key Issues of Sports Skill Instruction in Compulsory Education Physical Education and Health Curriculum
Motor skills are a central component of the physical education and health curriculum,encompassing fundamental motor skills and specialized sports skills.Designing and implementing sports skill instruction in alignment with students'physical and mental developmental patterns,the principles of sports skill acquisition,and the characteristics of students'learning in physical education are crucial for students to better master and apply these skills.This,in turn,plays an essential role in cultivating core competencies and promoting students'physical and mental well-being.This paper focuses on three key issues:whether primary schools should adopt autonomous sports options and a flexible class system,whether fundamental motor skills should be taught throughout the entire compulsory education period,and whether specialized sports skills should be graded according to student levels.Through scientific analysis and in-depth research,this paper argues that primary schools should not adopt autonomous sports options and a flexible class system.Specialized instruction in fundamental motor skills is more appropriate for grades 1-2,while grading specialized sports skills by grade levels does not align with the target of curriculum standards or the characteristics of students'physical education learning.A correct understanding and interpretation of the three issues will contribute to enhancing the scientific basis and effectiveness of sports skill instruction and evaluation in the physical education and health curriculum,improving the quality of physical education teaching,and promoting students'enjoyment of physical activities,mastery of sports skills,and overall healthy development.

physical education and health curriculumautonomous sports optionfundamental motor skillgrading specialized sports skill

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华东师范大学 体育与健康学院,上海 200241

华东师范大学青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室,上海 200241

体育与健康课程 自主运动选项教学 基本运动技能 专项运动技能等级

2025

上海体育学院学报
上海体育学院

上海体育学院学报

北大核心
影响因子:1.679
ISSN:1000-5498
年,卷(期):2025.49(1)