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农村金融适配性视域下适当性义务的法律完善

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金融机构践行适当性义务是实现农村金融适配性的枢要.然而,现行适当性义务公法、私法规范以证券期货投资产品及高端金融消费者为基底构筑相关规则,而农村地区的主要金融需求是融资类产品,且大部分农村金融消费者呈现低理性、弱专业能力及低抗风险能力等特征.为了弥合农村金融实践与立法预设画像之间的偏差,现行适当性义务公法、私法规范应当结合农村金融特征及农村金融消费者个性特征升级扩容.具体而言,农村场域下适当性义务公法、私法规范存在部分涉农产品销售未得规制、农村特殊群体未获充分保护及行为标准、涉农服务要求有待细化等症结.对此,宜通过制定"金融服务标准法"统一相关私法规范,修订相关公法规范,优化内容包括将适用产品范围涵盖贷款型产品、增加特殊金融消费者类型并明晰金融机构相应的适当性评估行为标准及客观化涉农服务要求,以充分发挥适当性义务的制度效能.
Rule Optimization of Suitability Obligations from the Perspective of Rural Financial Suitability
The implementation of the suitability obligation by financial institutions is the key to achieving the rural financial suitability.However,the current public and private law norms of suitability obligation was used to built relevant rules based on securities and futures investment products and high-end financial consumers,while the main financial demand in rural areas is financing products.Furthermore,most rural financial consumers only have characteristics such as low rationality,weak professional ability,and low risk resistance.In order to bridge the gap between rural financial practices and legislative preset image,the current public and private law norms of the suitability obligation is advised to be upgraded and expanded in combination with the characteristics of rural finance and the personality characteristics of rural financial consumers.Specifically,in the rural field,there are such problems as the unregulated sales of certain agricultural products,inadequate protection for rural special groups,and the need to refine behavioral standards and agricultural service requirements.In response,it is advisable to unify relevant private law norms through the formulation of the"Financial Services Standards Law",and to revise relevant public regulations in response.The optimization content includes expanding the scope of applicable products to cover loan-based products,adding types of special financial consumers,and clarifying the corresponding suitability evaluation behavior standards and agricultural service requirements of financial institutions,so as to fully exert the institutional effectiveness of the suitability obligation.

rural financial suitabilitysuitability obligationproduct rangespecial financial consumersuitability assessment

洪喜琪

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西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆 401120

农村金融适配性 适当性义务 产品范围 特殊金融消费者 适当性评估

国家社科基金

21BFX097

2024

石河子大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
石河子大学

石河子大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.311
ISSN:1671-0304
年,卷(期):2024.38(1)
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