美国是如何推进前沿基础研究与人才培养一体化发展的?——基于对美国国家科学基金会科教资助项目的分析
How Does the United States Promote the Integrated Developments of the Frontier Fundamental Research and Talents Cultivation——An Analysis of NSF's Funding for Science and Education Programms
徐艳茹 1赵瑞雪 1刘继安2
作者信息
- 1. 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院(北京 100190)
- 2. 中国科学院大学发展与规划办公室(北京 101408);中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院(北京 100190)
- 折叠
摘要
文章基于对美国国家科学基金会的发展历程及其近二十年来科教资助项目和财报的分析,描绘其推进前沿基础研究与人才培养一体化发展的资助特征,提炼美国国家科学基金会资助体系培育美国全球科技创新领先优势的三大制度经验:目标导向、面向未来、科教融合,启示我国推进教育、科技、人才一体化发展时坚持目标导向和自由探索"两条腿走路",统筹制定基础科学研究阶段性资助计划,建设覆盖基础教育、高等教育以及职业生涯全生命周期的科技人才资助体系.
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the development history,science and education funding programs and financial reports of the National Science Foundation(NSF)in the United States over the last two decades,the article depicts the NSF's funding system that promotes the integration of frontier fundamental research and talents cultivation,and summarizes three major institutional features of the system that ensure the global leadership of the United States in scientific and technological innovation:goal-orientation,future focus,and the integration of science and education.These experiences offer insights for China in promoting the integrated development of education,science and technology,and talent,emphasizing the dual approach of goal orientation and free exploration.The article suggests the comprehensive formulation of phased funding plans for fundamental scientific research and the establishment of a funding system for scientific and technological talents that spans basic education,higher education,and the entire professional life cycle.
关键词
美国国家科学基金会/科研资助/基础研究/科技人才/科教融合Key words
National Science Foundation of United States/Research funding/Fundamental research/Scientific talents/Integration of science and education引用本文复制引用
基金项目
教育部教育管理信息中心国外教育研究专项2023年度委托课题(EMIC-YJC-20230003)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据