In order to cultivate teachers for the 21st century learners,the National Institute of Education in Singapore proposed the teacher education model with"four-life learning"philosophy,which includes life-long learning,life-wide learning,life-deep learning and life-wise learning,based on the evidence-based research on learning sciences about"how people learn"and pursuit of"purposeful learning".This model advocates linking the pre-service teachers'learning with purpose,establishing an ability framework and practical courses to lay a solid foundation for lifelong professional growth(life-long learning);providing interdisciplinary curriculum and project to enhance the cross-disciplinary teaching ability of pre-service teachers(life-wide learning);strengthening course innovation with practical relevance to develop deep subject content knowledge and adaptive expertise(life-deep learning);and conducting value-based education to drive the wisdom generation of pre-service teachers from multiple levels(life-wise learning).Drawing on Singapore's concept of"four-life learning",we can propel the reform and development of teacher education in China by improving the professional competency standards of normal university students,enhancing the multi-dimensional cross-disciplinary nature of courses,emphasizing the cultivation of expert thinking,and nurturing the educator's spirit among them.
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