After the First Opium War,the control over local areas by the government of the Qing Dynasty rapidly declined and the non-governmental foreign trade along the southeastern coast of China rose accordingly.Furthermore,trade networks of the Chinese merchants in East Asia and Southeast Asia gradually formed during modern times.Those two networks were closely connected through Hong Kong and South China and exerted significant advantages over merchants from other Asian countries in that region.After taking the Opening-up Policy,Japan obtained the overseas market and raw material supplies from the Chinese merchant trade network which were necessary for industrialisation,while also intended to break away from its constraints.During the period between the Sino-Japanese War in 1895 and the outbreak of the First World War,Japan's aggressive warfare and industrialisation efforts enabled the Japanese merchants to free themselves rapidly from the reliance on the Chinese merchants.As the Japanese merchant trade network rose strongly,the Chinese merchant trade network in East Asia was broken apart.During the First World War,the international trade competition between China and Japan spread from East Asia to Southeast Asia.Subsequently,the Chinese merchants and the Japanese merchants in Southeast Asia were trapped in a situation of both cooperation and opposition,with political factors being an important reason behind it.From a trade perspective,the intention of suppressing the Chinese merchant trade network through military means again was also included in the motivation behind Japan's initiation of the Pacific War,from which it could observe the historical traces of'East Asian experience'of Japan regarding the fragmentation of the Chinese merchant trade network in East Asia at the end of the 19 th century.
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NSTL
万方数据
