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族性身份的塑造及其政治后果

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身份是标示社会个体经由社会关系中的权利义务结构所确定的人身位置的社会机制.历史上形成并长期存在的客观性身份机制演进到20世纪末,遇到了通过主观认同而构建的身份的挑战.在主观性身份迅速发展的背景下,以族性认同为核心的族性身份异军突起,并推动了族性身份群体的构建.由此形成的社会身份的异质化,对支撑现代国家体制的国民身份形成了严重冲击,并导致相关国家社会政治身份的复杂化.更为重要的是,由此而为社会身份体制注入的异质化力量,直接导致了现代国家和现代社会底层结构的变化,在一定程度上改变了现代国家和现代社会的底层逻辑,如果其他的社会政治因素或力量与之结合并共同发挥作用,社会的撕裂就难以避免了.因此,族性身份的塑造成为社会撕裂的深层的根源.既然如此,在族性身份塑造问题上采取审慎的态度,就成为必然和理性的选择.
Identity is a social mechanism that marks the personal position of individuals in society determined by the structure of rights and obligations in social relations.The historically formed and long-standing objective identity mechanism evolved to the end of the 20th century and encountered the challenge from identity constructed through subjective identification.In the context of rapid development of subjective identity,identity with ethnic identity as the core has sprung up and promoted the construction of ethnic identity groups.The resulting heterogeneity of social identity has a serious impact on national identity that supports the modern state system,leading to the complexity of social and political identities in related countries.More importantly,the heterogeneous forces injected into the social identity system directly lead to changes in the underlying structure of modem states and societies,and altered the underlying logic of modern states and societies to a certain extent,so that the tearing up of society can hardly be avoided if they are combined with other social and political factors and play a role together.Therefore,the shaping of ethnic identity has become the deep-seated root of social tearing.Given this,it is an inevitable and rational choice to adopt a prudent attitude in shaping ethnic identity.

IdentityIdentificationNational identityEthnic identitySocial tearing

周平

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教育部

云南大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地,昆明,650091

身份 认同 国民身份 族性身份 社会撕裂

教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目

22JJD810002

2024

世界民族
中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所

世界民族

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.284
ISSN:1006-8287
年,卷(期):2024.(2)
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