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新西兰捕鲸业视阈下的毛利民族与英帝国扩张研究

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公元10世纪前后,毛利人的祖先迁徙到新西兰岛开始定居,他们以采集、渔猎和农耕为生,并逐渐形成独具特色的毛利文化传统.18世纪末,库克船长的登陆打破了新西兰与世隔绝的状态.随后,丰富的鲸鱼资源吸引大量英国资本涌入新西兰,使得捕鲸业迅速发展起来.捕鲸业的繁荣对毛利民族造成巨大影响,跟随英国商船来到新西兰的新物种以及西方思想观念改变了他们的生产、生活方式和思想观念.随着英国殖民活动的深入,毛利民族的生存空间和生存尊严都受到压迫,于是他们以实际行动奋力反抗殖民统治.由此,在19世纪上半叶,通过以捕鲸为主的商业活动,英国人与毛利民族形成了 一种融合与对抗的双重关系,而这种矛盾关系的出现却是全球化趋势的必然产物.
Around the 10th century AD,the Maori people migrated to New Zealand and settled there in isolation,living by gathering,fishing,hunting and farming,and gradually forming a unique Maori cultural tradition.Captain Cook's landing at the end of the 18th century broke New Zealand's isolation from the outside world.Driven by the global expansion of the British Empire,British whalers took advantage of the abundant whale resources in New Zealand waters to actively develop the whaling industry.The boom in whaling had a huge impact on Maori tribes,and the introduction of new species and Western ideas changed the way of production,life and thinking of the Maori people.Meanwhile,the Maori people also fought hard against the colonial rule with practical actions.Thus,in the first half of the 19th century,through commercial activities led by whaling,the British formed a dual relationship of integration and confrontation with the Maori people,the emergence of which is an inevitable product of globalization.

MaorisHistory of the British EmpireNew Zealand historyWhaling industryGlobalization

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陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安,710000

毛利民族 英帝国史 新西兰史 捕鲸业 全球化

2024

世界民族
中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所

世界民族

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.284
ISSN:1006-8287
年,卷(期):2024.(5)