The conflict between the Persians and the Central Asian nomads ran through the early Iron Age to the early modern times.In the Persian classical world view,the Central Asian nomads had a typical image of opposite other.After the Turkic peoples entered Central Asia and conquered Persia in the 11th century,the Persians established an imaginary ethnic relationship between the Turanians in their own historical memory and the Turkic peoples in Central Asia,and made the Turkic peoples,after their Islamization,accept the Persian Turanian memory.The rule of the Turkic-Mongol dynasty in Central Asia and Iran in the late Middle Ages further generalized Turkic identity to that of the dynastic ruling ethnic group,as opposed to the"Tajiks"representing the settled Persians.Therefore,the"Turkic"identity in the context of medieval Persianized world discourse was an intrinsic part of the"Turk-Tajik"antisense cultural identity,and a product of the construction of the ethnic groups seen as the other in Central Asia by the historical memory of the Persians in the Middle Ages.The historical interaction between the Persians and the Turkic peoples was also a two-way process of ethnic identity construction and acculturation,which had a profound impact on the formation of modern Iran and the nation-states in Central Asia.