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移民问题与右翼民粹主义政党瑞典民主党的崛起

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当今,西方国家和地区种族色彩浓厚的右翼民粹主义政党的勃兴,折射出时代之变、西方之变,对全球政治走向产生重要影响.而移民是解释激进右翼民粹主义政党崛起的关键因素之一.在瑞典,移民和种族问题正在成为民粹主义激进右翼政党意识形态和主流话语的一部分.近年来的选举结果表明,瑞典民主党已经成为该国国内举足轻重的政治力量,它通过民族主义和反移民政治策略在选举中取得了持续成功.这些策略在很大程度上依赖于狭隘的民族主义概念,它将外来者当作"替罪羊"贴上社会问题的标签,"种族""移民""难民"和"寻求庇护者"成为排外的意识形态或话语,反映和迎合了国内公众日益高涨的反移民情绪.事实上,瑞典民主党的成功取决于对移民议题的掌控和炒作.在瑞典移民的新动态和新问题驱动下,民族主义政治、排外政治、恐惧政治、媒介化政治、父权政治等在移民框架下融为一体.瑞典民主党的崛起也是欧洲右翼民粹主义浪潮的一部分,它隐喻着整个西方国家右翼民粹主义"主流化"和"合法化"的趋势正在普遍出现.深入探讨移民和瑞典民主党崛起的共轭发展关系,能够为认识当今西方国家右翼民粹主义的基本特征和发展态势提供一个重要的分析框架.
Today,the rise of racially charged right-wing populist parties in Western countries and regions reflects the change of the times and the West,exerting an important impact on the global political trend.Immigration is one of the key factors explaining the rise of radical right-wing populist parties.In Sweden,issues relating to immigration and race are becoming part of the ideology and mainstream discourse of radical populist right-wing parties.Electoral results in recent years have shown that the Sweden Democratic Party has become a significant political force in the country,securing sustained electoral success through nationalist and anti-immigration political strategies.These strategies rely heavily on narrow notions of nationalism,which label outsiders as"scapegoats"of social problems,while"race","immigrants","refugees"and"asylum seekers"have given rise to xenophobic ideology or discourse that reflects and caters to rising anti-immigration sentiment among domestic public.In fact,the success of the Sweden Democratic Party depends on managing and hyping the immigration issue.Driven by new dynamics and problems of immigration in Sweden,nationalist politics,xenophobic politics,fear politics,media politics,patriarchal politics,emotional politics,etc.are integrated under the framework of immigration.The rise of the Sweden Democratic Party is also part of a wave of right-wing populism in Europe,a metaphor for the trend of"mainstreaming"and"legitimizing"right-wing populism across the West.An in-depth study of the conjugated development relationship between the immigration issue and the rise of the Sweden Democratic Party can provide an important analytical framework for understanding the basic characteristics and development trend of right-wing populism in Western countries today.

ImmigrationRight-wing populismNationalismSweden Democratic Party

陈文胜

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西南科技大学马克思主义学院,绵阳,621010

移民 右翼民粹主义 民族主义 瑞典民主党

2024

世界民族
中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所

世界民族

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.284
ISSN:1006-8287
年,卷(期):2024.(6)