为筛选诱杀树沙枣 Elaeagnus angustifolia 和抗性树种新疆杨 Populus alba var.pyramidalis 合理配植比例,实现生态自控光肩星天牛 Anoplophora glabripennis 灾害,以甘肃河西走廊和新疆部分地区的已有光肩星天牛长期危害,且包括沙枣树和新疆杨等多树种混交林为研究对象,调查、对比和分析沙枣自然调控天牛种群的能力,筛选和提炼出可实现"有虫不成灾"的诱杀树沙枣与抗性树种新疆杨的合理配植模式.结果显示:混交林内沙枣树上光肩星天牛的刻槽数远高于抗性树种新疆杨,表现出显著的引诱功能;沙枣树对光肩星天牛的卵和初孵幼虫的杀灭率在99.8%以上,具有很强的诱杀能力,发挥了对新疆杨的高效保护作用;在不同沙枣配比的林带中,沙枣树对光肩星天牛种群的调控能力有较大差别,防护林带中沙枣树与新疆杨行间或株间配植比例约为2∶8,园林绿化林中沙枣树与新疆杨以块状或带状配植比例约为3∶7时,可达到"有虫不成灾",实现光肩星天牛灾害的生态自控.在防护林建设中,应充分发挥沙枣对光肩星天牛的诱杀功能,合理配植诱杀树种沙枣与抗性树种新疆杨,使光肩星天牛种群数量稳定在成灾水平之下,为服务"三北"防护林工程区林业有害生物防治提供借鉴.
Planting model of dead-end trap tree Elaeagnus angustifolia and resistant host tree Populus alba var.pyramidalis for ecological self-regulation of the Anoplophora glabripennis disaster
To select a rational planting ratio of the dead-end trap tree Elaeagnus angustifolia and the resistant host tree Populus alba var.pyramidalis and to facilitate ecological self-regulation of Anoplophora glabripennis,the phenomenon and capacity of natural regulation of A.glabripennis in mixed tree stands were investigated and analyzed,including those with long-term exposure to A.glabripennis damage and containing E.angustifolia and P.alba var.pyramidalis.The goal is to screen and refine a rational planting model of dead-end trap trees,E.angustifolia,and resistant tree species,P.alba var.pyramidalis,that can achieve an ecologically benign where the pest is presenting without causing a disaster.The results showed that the number of oviposition scars in E.angustifolia in the mixed forest were much higher than those in P.alba var.pyramidalis.More importantly,the killing efficiency of E.angustifolia on A.glabripennis eggs and young larvae were above 99.8%,which showed that E.angustifolia had a solid ability to trap and kill the A.glabripennis,and effectively protected P.alba var.pyramidalis.In shelterbelts with different ratios of E.angustifolia,the regulatory ability of E.angustifolia on the population of A.glabripennis varied significantly.While E.angustifolia and P.alba var.pyramidalis were inter-planted at a ratio of approximately 2∶8,and planted in patches or strips at a 3∶7 ratio in landscaping forests,those arrangement facilitated ecological self-regulation of A.glabripennis by maintaining a benign pest presence.In the construction of shelterbelts,the dead-end trap function of E.angustifolia for A.glabripennis should be fully utilized.Rational planting of E.angustifolia and P.alba var.pyramidalis,should be implemented to keep the population of A.glabripennis below the disaster threshold,to provide reference for the prevention and control of forestry pests in the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program.
Anoplophora glabripennisdead-end trap treeElaeagnus angustifoliaresistant host treePopulus alba var.pyramidalis
万方数据
维普
