Influence of New Trade Forms on Green Technology Innovation:Based on the Evidence of Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Area Policy
The"14th Five-Year Plan for High-quality Foreign Trade Development"emphasizes accelerating the development of new trade forms,improving the level of trade digitization,and building a green trade system in the future.Under the accelerated development of new trade forms,whether the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce can effectively improve the level of green technology innovation in China is of great significance to promoting industrial green transformation and high-level opening-up.This study takes the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy as the background.Based on the data of 277 cities from 2011 to 2021,it adopts a dual machine learning model to explore the impact of new trade forms on urban green technology innovation and its internal mechanism.The study found that the implementation of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy can significantly improve the level of urban green innovation.After a series of robustness tests,such as the difference-in-differences model and the generalized random forest model,this conclusion is still valid.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that there is a significant bias in green technology innovation,which plays a stronger role in promoting green technology innovation in energy conservation and carbon reduction.The cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy has a more obvious impact on cities along the coast,as well as those with a high degree of green finance development and high environmental attention from regional governments.In terms of internal mechanisms,the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy can boost the level of green technology innovation by improving the green management ability of local enterprises,stimulating the entrepreneurial activity of green industries,and strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights.In addition,the comprehensive pilot area policy will help improve the development of the urban green technology innovation network.The contributions of this study are as follows:First,the research perspective of this study is innovative.By incorporating new trade forms into the analysis framework of green technology innovation,this study accurately evaluates the impact of new trade forms,represented by cross-border e-commerce,on urban green technology innovation.It provides new empirical evidence for the effective release of green innovation momentum under the new development pattern.Second,it adopts a maçro and micro approach to investigate the internal mechanism of how cross-border e-commerce affects urban green technology innovation in multiple dimensions.Applying the dual machine learning model to the assessment of the policy effect in the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area will not only cut off the mixed path and optimize the limited sample characteristics of the policy effect estimator but also avoid the policy estimation effect being influenced by data trend to a certain extent.Finally,this study breaks the fixed idea that the existing research mainly focuses on green technology innovation itself,is based on the development needs of the country to further improve the market-oriented green technology innovation system,and draws on the social network theory.The development index of the urban green technology innovation network was constructed from four dimensions-green technology co-creation,green technology flow and transformation,green technology market development,and green technology transaction service.The impact of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy on the development of the urban green technology innovation network is calculated,enriching the literature on the impact of trade on green technology innovation.The policy implications are as follows.First,we should improve the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area innovation incentive system.Second,we should give full play to the innovative effect of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area policy in terms of building a platform for international exchange and cooperation of green technology,reducing the institutional cost of green industry entrepreneurship,and increasing investment in the protection of intellectual property rights of green technology.Third,we should take full account of the characteristics of each city's location and endowment,refine the implementation of cross-border e-commerce policies,accelerate the construction of a unified technology market,and promote the trading and application of green technology.Finally,we should seize new opportunities of green trade to transform consumers'"potential green demand"into"real green demand,"improve the quality and quantity of green product supply,and promote the open economy to a higher level.
New Trade FormsGreen Technological InnovationCross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot AreaDual Machine LearningGeneralized Random Forest Model
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