纤维包覆纱改性PVA基气凝胶的制备及吸波性能研究
Study on Preparation and Absorption Properties of Fiber-Coated Yarn Modified PVA-Based Aerogel
秦爱文 1王佳乐 2訾皓然 3闫宇航 2郭洋 2朱洪立 4李俊2
作者信息
- 1. 河南工程学院材料工程学院,河南郑州 450007;河南省纤维制备与改性工程技术研究中心,河南郑州 450007
- 2. 河南工程学院材料工程学院,河南郑州 450007
- 3. 中国人民解放军32382部队,湖北武汉 432200
- 4. 山东非金属材料研究所,山东济南 250031
- 折叠
摘要
以湿法纺聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纤维为芯层,以正硅酸乙酯和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为皮层,通过静电纺纱仪制备SiO2/PVDF和PAN/PVDF两种纤维包覆纱,并将纤维包覆纱进行碳化处理,然后加入聚乙烯醇(PVA)中通过冷冻干燥的方式制备气凝胶,研究两种纤维包覆纱对PVA基气凝胶压缩性能、隔热性能及电磁波吸收性能的影响.结果表明:纤维包覆纱的加入能够增强PVA基气凝胶的抗压缩性,其中加入PAN/PVDF包覆纱的气凝胶其抗压缩性能最佳,压缩应力达到112.3 kPa,相比未改性的气凝胶提升了45%,且经过5轮压缩回弹实验后,恢复率仍能保持90%以上.此外,加入纤维包覆纱后,两种改性气凝胶的介电损耗性能均提高.其中,当PAN/PVDF包覆纱改性后的气凝胶厚度为1 mm时,其有效吸波带宽为1.08 GHz,最强吸收峰值达到-40.4 dB,展现出优异的电磁波吸收性能.
Abstract
SiO2/PVDF and PAN/PVDF fibers were prepared by electrospinning instrument with wet spinning polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)fiber as the core layer and ethyl orthosilicate and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)as the skin layer,and the fiber-coated yarn was carbonized,and then added to polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)to prepare aerogel by freeze-drying.The effects of two kinds of fiber-coated yarns on compressibility properties,thermal insulation properties and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of PVA-based aerogels were studied.The results show that the addition of fiber-coated yarn can enhance the compression resistance of PVA-based aerogels,and the aerogels with PAN/PVDF coated yarns have the best compression resistance,with a compressive stress of 112.3 kPa,which is 45%higher than that of unmodified aerogels,and recovery rate can still be maintained by more than 90%after five rounds of compression rebound experiments.In addition,when the thickness of the aerogel modified by PAN/PVDF coated yarn is 1 mm,the effective absorption bandwidth is 1.08 GHz,and the maximum absorption peak reaches-40.4 dB,showing excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance.
关键词
气凝胶/纤维包覆纱/电磁波吸收/压缩性能Key words
Aerogel/Fiber-coated yarn/Electromagnetic wave absorption/Compression performance引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202311517004)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202411517030)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据