气候变化对嘉陵江流域水资源和极端水文事件的影响
Assessing the impact of climate change on water resources and extreme hydrological events in the Jialing River Basin
李文鑫 1金君良 2舒章康 3张建云 2王国庆 2陈宇薇4
作者信息
- 1. 水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210029;长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏 南京 210098;水利部应对气候变化研究中心,江苏 南京 210029
- 2. 水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210029;长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏 南京 210098;水利部应对气候变化研究中心,江苏 南京 210029;河海大学 水安全与水科学协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210098
- 3. 水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210029;长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏 南京 210098;水利部应对气候变化研究中心,江苏 南京 210029;河海大学 水安全与水科学协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210098;四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610065
- 4. 水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210029;河海大学 水安全与水科学协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210098
- 折叠
摘要
全球变暖导致降水变率增大,水文波动性增强.嘉陵江水资源丰富,科学预估其未来水资源变化及极端水文事件对支撑经济社会和生态环境平衡发展至关重要.已有研究主要集中于嘉陵江历史径流演变,对气候变化背景下未来流域水资源响应及极端水文事件预估较少.基于第 6次国际耦合模式比较计划CMIP6计划的22个气候模式耦合可变下渗容量模型(VIC模型),预估了不同代表性典型浓度路径下嘉陵江流域未来径流变化趋势,分析了极端水文事件强度的未来演变趋势.结果表明:(1)VIC模型在嘉陵江流域的适用性较好,各站点日径流模拟纳什效率系数均大于 0.7,多年水量相对误差在 8%之内,对极端水文指标年最大洪峰流量和年最大 5日洪量模拟较好;(2)流域未来气候变化将以暖湿化为主,2031-2090年降水量相较基准期(1985-2014年)将增加 5.5%~13.8%,温升幅度超 2℃;(3)未来径流量很可能会增加,在 2061-2090年,径流量相较基准期(1985-2014年)将增加 7.0%~14.0%;(4)流域未来洪水强度可能增大,在 2061-2090年,SSP5-8.5排放情景下基准期年最大洪峰流量与年最大 5日洪量 50年一遇值的重现期将缩短为 10~20年.气候变化将导致流域水循环加快,水文形势不容乐观,需加强水资源综合管理及洪涝风险应对能力.
Abstract
Global warming contributes to heightened precipitation variability and hydrological fluctuations.The Jialing River,abundant in water resources,necessitates a scientific assessment of prospective changes in water resources and extreme hydrological events to foster the harmonious development of the economy,society,and ecological environment.Current research predominantly delves into the historical runoff patterns of the Jialing River,with insufficient emphasis on predicting water resource responses and extreme hydrological events in the face of future climate changes.Utilizing the coupled Variable Infiltration Capacity Macroscale Hydrologic Model(VIC Model)and 22 climate models from the CMIP6 program,this study estimates the future runoff trends in the Jialing River Basin under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.Additionally,it analyzes the forthcoming evolution of extreme runoff event intensity and return periods within the basin through a coupled Bivariate Joint distribution.The findings indicate the following:(1)The VIC model demonstrates high applicability in the Jialing River Basin,as evidenced by a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE)exceeding 0.7 for daily runoff simulation at each station and a multi-year water volume error within 8%;(2)Future climate changes in the basin are anticipated to be predominantly warm and humid,with a projected 5.5%to 13.8%increase in precipitation and a temperature rise exceeding 2℃from 2031 to 2090,compared to the reference period(1985-2014);(3)Runoff is likely to increase in the future,with a projected 7.0%to 14.0%rise from 2061 to 2090 compared to the baseline period(1985-2014);(4)The intensity of annual maximum one-day runoff and the annual maximum five-day water volume may increase in the future.Under the SSP5-8.5 emission scenario,the return periods for these events in the reference period(2061-2090)are shortened to 10-20 years each.While the future runoff variations in the Jialing River Basin under different climate scenarios remain uncertain,the hydrological outlook is less than optimistic.Strengthening comprehensive water resource management and flood risk mitigation capabilities is imperative.
关键词
径流预估/气候模式/VIC模型/Copula函数/极端水文事件/嘉陵江流域Key words
runoff estimation/global climate models/VIC model/Copula function/extreme hydrological events/Jialing River Basin引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200201)
国家自然科学基金(52121006)
国家自然科学基金(52079026)
国家自然科学基金(52279018)
出版年
2024