摘要
黑龙江四季屯何世环老人被称为"满语活化石",是目前为数不多的用满语日常交流的老人之一.她的一生见证了黑龙江沿岸百年来的发展与变迁,其口述故事也呈现了当地鲜明的满族民风民俗.文章在田野调查基础上,运用扬·阿斯曼的文化记忆理论,结合何世环老人的口述与满族民歌的口头表演、乐谱音乐与歌曲内容分析,再现了满族民众祈祷美好生活、期盼族群延续、批判旧社会毒害等愿望与情感.最后文章对满族民歌当代传承进行总结,以期为满族民歌的当代传承与发扬提供借鉴与参考.
Abstract
He Shihuan,an old woman from Sijitun in Heilongjiang Province,is known as a"living fos-sil of Manchu language".She is one of the few old people who communicate in Manchu language every day.Her life witnessed the development and changes along the Heilongjiang coast over the past century,and her oral stories also presented the local distinctive Manchu folk customs.On the basis of field research,this arti-cle applies Yang Asman's cultural memory theory,combined with He Shihuan's dictation and the oral per-formance of Manchu folk songs,music score and song content analysis,to reproduce the wishes and emo-tions of Manchu people,such as praying for a better life,hoping for the continuation of the ethnic group,and criticizing the poisonging of the old society.Finally,the article summarizes the contemporary inheritance of Manchu folk songs,in order to provide reference and inspiration for the contemporary inheritance and devel-opment of Manchu folk songs.
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