The Influence of Twin-Screw Extrusion on the Physical Characteristics of Gorgon Fruit and the Development of Its Powder
Gorgon fruit is a kind of food that can be used both as medicine and food,with extremely high value for development and utilization.The double-screw extrusion process was used to process the gorgon fruit.The influence of double-screw extrusion operating parameters on the physical properties of the gorgon fruit was explored,and the influencing factors in the double-screw extrusion process were screened through single-factor experiments.The operating parameters were as follows:material moisture content of 20％-24％,barrel temperature of 110-130 ℃,and screw speed of 150-250 r/min.Based on the water solubility index as the response value,the process was optimized to determine the optimal operating parameters for double-screw extrusion of the gorgon fruit:material moisture content of 22％,barrel temperature of 120 ℃,and screw speed of 180 r/min.The gorgon fruit powder before and after extrusion was compared,and the structure of the starch powder was analyzed using scanning electron microscope(SEM).During the extrusion process,there were fractures and cracks.Using the starch powder prepared by this process as the main ingredient,nutritious red date powder was selected as the auxiliary material,and maltodextrin,xylitol,and other substances were used to regulate the quality of the instant powder.The formula design screened the sensory influencing factors of the instant powder through single-factor experiments,with the addition of red date powder ranging from 2.5-3.5 g,xylitol ranging from 2.0-3.0 g,and maltodextrin ranging from 1.0-2.0 g.Based on this,a response surface experiment was conducted,with sensory score as the response value.The optimal formula for the gorgon fruit instant powder was determined to be 10 g of extruded gorgon fruit powder,3 g of red date powder,1.8 g of xylitol,and 1.8 g of maltodextrin.Under this condition,the flavor,color,taste,and solubility of the instant powder were good,and the acceptance was high.
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